Governor for fluid-pressure tools



March 31, 1925.

v L. MEUNIER GOVERNOR FOR FLUID PRESSURE TOOLS 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed y 6. 1922' %N NW. WQ Q Q m ww r Z6072 MGUIZZ? Z mm, v *1 Patented Mar. 31, 1925.

COD'IPANY, OF NEW YOR-K, N. Y.,

1,531,406 lJITED STATES PATENTOFFICE.

LEON MEUNIER, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR T CHICAGO PNEUMATIC TOOL A CQBPORATION OF YORK.

GOVERNOR FOR FLUID-PRESSURE TOOLS.

Application filed May 6,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEON Mnunmn, a citizen of the United States, residing at Clevel 110., in the county of Cuyahoga and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Governors for Fluidsure Tools, of which the following is a ification.

invention relates to governors for controlling fluid pressure tools, such, for exas pneumatic drilling, roaming and p ing machines, and the like. The principal object of my invention is to provide an improved and efficient governor which urrinit a inimum supply of air or' motor fluid to be admitted to the tool e the latter is under load, that is, per- -min work "for which it is designed, and v. ,utoniatically reduce the supply of air admitted to the tool when it is relieved of its load, such as when the tool is moved out of v-coriringi engagement with the work upon which it is operating. \Vhen a pneumatic tool moved out of engagementwith the 2:; work there is a tendency for it to race or und accelerate its speed because it has been .c i ed of its load or resistance, and

this in ing is obviously objectionable as it ic-sult n excessive and violent. vibration of an the tool and in some cases breakage of the parts, as well as an uneconomical consumption of the motive fluid. My invention in :'eneral comprises a main valve and an auxiliary or controlling valve constructed to tomatically permit the maximum vol of air to be supplied to the pneumatic tool when the latter is in actual contact with the work and automatically reduce the volume oii'air supplied to the tool when tl :latter is moved out of engagement with the work.

' to the drawings, Fig. 1 is a centudinal se 'tion through a govembodying my invention; Fig. 2 is a se tion on the line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a view like Fig. 1 except that the gmrernor in the condition which it as, when the maximum supply of air n admitted to the pneumatic tool; is a section taken on the line l4 of 1; 5 is a plan elevation of a fragof the device for operating the throttle and Fig. (3 is detail longitudinal en on the line G-6 of Fig. 2. My intention broadly comprises a casing chamber 3 1922. Serial No. 558,967i

10 provided with three valve chambers 11, 12, and 13; a manuallyv controlled throttle valve 1 1 in the valve chamber 12;-- valve mechanism in the chamber 11 comprising a differential sleeve pi ton 15 and a cooperating valve member 16; a compound valve mechanism in the chamber 13 comprising a differential piston 17 and a sleeve valve 18; and suitable ports and passages controlling and controlled by the valve mechanisms.

The valve chambers 11 and 13 are parallel to each other, the chamber'il being directly under the chamber 11, and the chamber 12 is in alignment. with the chamber 11, being formed by a tubular extension l9'of the casing. The rear end (that is, the rightiand end as viewed in Figs. 1' and 3) of the is provided with a nipple or connection 20 to which the flexible hose leading from the source of air supply is adapted to be connected and through which the air enters the governor. A nipple or connection 21 is screwed into the forward end (thatis the left-hand end as viewed in Figs. 1 and 3) of the chamber 11, the one end of a hose en ending to the pneumatic tool being adapted to be connected to the nipple which forms the outlet for the air passing through the governor. The forward end of the is closed'bya screw plug 22.

' The throttle valve mechanism is manually controlled, this valve being employed to con trol the volume of air to be supplied-to the tool, at the will of the operator. The valve 1d reciprocates in a "bushing or sleeve 2% lined in the tubular extension 19 in any desired manner. The rear endof the valve 1/1 is provided with a head 25 adapted to seat against a beveled seat 26 on the rear end of the bushing 2 1. A passage extends longitudinally through the cylindrical part of the valve 14 within the bushing 2&, this passage being formed by a forward central bore 28, a central semi-circular transverse groove 29 and a transverse side groove 30 in alignment with the groove 29. A pin 31 screwed into the valve 1 1 projects through aligned longitudinally-extending slots 32 in thebushing 24: and the extension 19 and its outer end extends into a cam slot -3 formed in an operating sleeve 34 encircling the extension 19 and confined be-.

in the position shown in Figs. land 5,*the head is spaced from the seat 26 and this throttle valve is then wide open. When the sleeve 3-tis rotated to bring the opposite end of the slot 53 into engagement-withthe pin. 31, theslot through thepinshifts the valve 1% forwardly to move'the head into engagement with the seatiZG, andrtherebyw cut oil the supply of air through the main valve oi the governor and to the pneumatic tool. r

lThe differential -sleevepiston 15 slides in a sleeveor ,bushingSG fixed in the chamber 11. The-sleeve 86 is counterboredto form two:cylinder-s, in the largerof which the enlarged forward endofthepiston l5 fits and slides while the smaller portion of the piston fits and slides inthe smaller cylinder. An integral partition 37 is located at :the forward end of the piston. chamber 12, and thispartitionis provided with a plurality ofholes '37. The cone-shaped valve member 16 is mounted centrally onthepartition byra pin-"3.8. Thediaineter of the -.valv;ei16 isbut slightly lessflthanithe diameter ofthe opening 40 inthe rear end of thesleevepis ton hen the piston 15is in the-position shown in Fig. 1, .the valve 16 being located :in :the opening '40 permits but a small supply of air to pass through the pneumatic tool thetool at such=time being out of engagement with the work. EV hen the sleevepiston :15 is moved rearv-Jardlyto the position-shown in Fig. 3, at the time'the pneumatic tool is moved into engagement with-the work-andthe load is thereby put on the tool, as will be. described presently, the valve 16:is positioned in the enlarged central portionrot the passage through the sleeve 15 so-that the-valve member 16 does 'Thepiston 17 slides in; a sleeve A9,.fiXed in the-rchamber 13. This-sleeveet has internal diameters or boresforniing piston cylinders of ,cirlerent diameters, the piston head 41-2 being'fitted in the larger cylinder and the piston l:3 \Vl1lQl1 is smaller in diameter than the piston head -42, fitting in the smaller cylinder. The-sleeve valve 18 is formedin two parts, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, so

Eaehhead is menace that it=can readilybe RSSQHlblQd-iOIhtllG rod 424:. Coiled springs 52 are compressed and seated in recesses in the confronting edges side not .the casing and the pin 54; projects between the twoha'lves of the sleeve of the valve 18 to prevent .rotationot the valve while permitting axial movement thereof relative to the piston rod'ji l. "The ports and passages controlled by the differential pistons 17 and the sleeve valve"18, for.controlling operation of the [sleeve piston'l'fi, will be describedin connection with'the description of the. operation ot the device now to begiven.

Assuming that the pneum atie tool is out of engagement with the work and that the throttle valve 'l l'liasibeen .moved "to open position, the valve mechanisms are then .in the condition shown in "Fig. 1, the pistons 15 and 117 being in their forward positions.

The piston, His-maintained in this position by the air pressure .in the chamber 11 which constitutes the rear end of piston chamber ljl, andthe piston 17 isinaintained in its forwar' position by the pressure of air in the chamber 13 which constitutes the 3 rearend of the piston chamber '13, theair being admitted to such chamber 13 through a passage 55 inthe casing 10 and a coincibushing .12 1. The sleeve valve '18 covers a port 57 in registry withthe passage 58 in the casing .10.and the rear end of the passage 58'is'. in registry with a port'59 in the bushing 29. .Atithe same time a port 60 in the bushing 't9'is uncovered by the head 1-2 of the-differential pistol 1'17 and the port 60 is'in registry with a passage 61'formed in the casing 1O and the bushing"36.v The rear end of the passage 61 is in communication with aport 62in thebushing 3'6and with an ,.aligned port in' the bushing 49. Therefore a chamber G l, formed between the confronting faces otenlarged portions of the bushing36 and the sleeve 15, is vented through the port 62, passage" 61,. the port 60, the interior of thebushing 49 and an exhaust port 65 formed'inbushing 49 and the casinglO.

T'Vlien'the pneumatiotool is moved into engagement with the work upon which it iszto operate,,the speed of the tool is retarded due to the resistance which it meets and therefore the air pressure in the spaces or 'chambersat the "forward, enes ot the sleeve 15 and-the head 42 and indicated by the reference.numerals'ill and 13 is in creased. The chamber 13 is'iircoinmunication witha groove 66f0il1l8d in the con nection or nipple 21 and con'iinunicating with. the central bore of the nipple through dentlongitudinal groove formed in the transverse passages 67. This increase of air pressure in the chamber 13 shifts the piston 17 rearwardly to the position shown in Fig; 3, in which position the annular space around a shoulder 69 on the piston 17 is in alignment with'the port 65 and an annular groove 68, which with a passage 68 opening therein is formed in the head, is in alignment with the port 60, so that the above mentioned chamber 64 between the piston 15 and bushing 36 is vented through the head 42. During such movement of the piston 17, the shoulder 69 thereon engages the forward end of the sleeve valve 18 and moves the latter to the position shown in Fig. 3 in which the ends of its passage or groove are in registry with the ports 5'? and 63. The increased pressure in the chamber 11 being greater than the pressure in the rear chamber 11 shifts the piston sleeve 15 to the position shown in Fig. 3, the cham ber 64 being vented as above described to permit the shifting movement. In this position of the piston 15, the maximum volume of air is permitted to flow to the pneumatic tool, the valve 16 being in unobstructing or unrestricting position with respect to the sleeve 15.

Now when the tool is moved out of en gagement with the work the air pressure in the chambers 11 and 13 decreases as the tool is relieved of the resistance and it 'te ds to accelerate its speed, with the result that the air pressure in the chambers 11 and 13 is now greater than that in the chambers 11 and 13". This results in forward movement of the piston 17 to the position shown in Fig. 1. During the initial movement of the piston 1?? it moves relative to the sleeve valve 18 and at the instant the head 13 moves into engagement with the rear edge of the valve 18, the head 43 uncovers the port 59, whereupon the live air supplied to the chamber 13 through the passages 55 and 56, passes through the port 59, the passage 58, port 57, passage 70, and ports 63 and 62 to the chamber 64, wherein the air pressure on the pressure area 72 of the sleeve piston 15 together with the air pressure in the chamber 11 shifts the piston 15 to the position shown in Fig. 1, thereby again restricting the flow of air to the pneumatic tool. At such time the head 42 covers the port 60 so that the air cannot escape from the chamber 6 1. Then upon continued movement of the piston 17, to the position shown in 1, the sleeve 18 is moved to the position shown in this figure and this completes the cycle of operation.

lVhileI have herein described in some detail the particular embodiment of my invention, for the purposes. of full disclosure, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many changes in details might be made without departure from the spirit or main valve and a differential valve for controlling the same, said differential valve having a pressure area constantly subjected to live motive fluid.

2.111 a governor of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, and a valve comprising a sleeve piston-through wuieh the supply of air passes. and a stationary member cooperating with the bore of the piston to control the supply of air.

3. In a governor of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, a sleeve piston having a passage through the same with the entrance thereto restricted,a valve mem-v ber positioned in said passage, and means for effecting relative movements between said sleeve and member to'position the member in said entrance when the supply of air is to be restricted and position it within the enlarged portion of'the passage when the supply of air is to be increased.

4. In a governor of the class described, a sleeve piston having a central passage with a restricted entrance through which thesupply of air passes, a stationary valve'member, and valve mechanism controlling the shifting of said piston so that. said member is in theentrance of the passage when the supply of air is to be restricted and within the large portion of the. passage when the supply of air is to be increased.

5. In a governor of the class described, a sleeve piston having a central passage through whichthe supply of "air passes, a member cooperating with said-sleeve to vary the supply of air, and valve mechanism controlling a passage to expose a pressure area on the piston to air pressure for the purpose of moving it in one direction.

6. In a governor of the class described, a valve comprising a differential piston and a member cooperating therewith to control the supply of air, saidvalve having three pres-.- sure areas two of which are opposed and constantly exposed to the air pressure,'and a valve mechanism controlling a passage through which the third pressure area is exposed to air pressure. v

7. In a governor of the class described,a sleeve piston having a larger-pressure area onone end than the other and an intermediate pressure area, a member cooperating with a passage through the piston to control the supply of air, and a valve mechanism for controlling the air pressure on said third ply of motive fluid passes and a stationary member cooperating with said piston to control the motive fluid supply, said piston having at its ends opposed pressure areas exposed to the fluid pressure in the opposite ends of the casing and an intermediate pressure area, and an auxiliary valve mechanism controlling an air passage leading to said intermediate pressure area.

21. In a governor of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, a main valve including a sleeve piston through which the air supply passes and having its opposite ends of different areas exposed to the air pressures in the opposite ends of the casing and an intermediate pressure area, and an auxiliary valve mechanism controlling an air passage leading to said intermediate pressure area.

22. In a governor of the class described, a casing having two valve chambers, a main valve in one chamber including a movable member having pressure areas exposed to the air pressures in opposite ends of such chamber, an auxiliary valve in the other chamber having means controlling the main valve and having pressure areas exposed to the air pressures in the opposite ends of such chamber, and passages connecting the corresponding ends of the two valve chambers.

In a governor of the class described, a casing having two valve chambers, a main valve in one chamber including a movable member having opposed pressure areas of different extents constantly exposed to the air pressures in the opposite ends of such chamber and a third pressure area, and an auxiliary valve mechanism in the second chamber including a movable member controlling an air passage, leading to said third pressure area and having two pressure areas constantly exposed to the air pressures in the opposite ends of thesecond chamber.

24. In a device of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, and a valve mechanism therein comprising a differential piston and a sleeve thereon formed of two parts with spring means between the same, said sleeve having a lost motion connection with said piston.

25. In adevice of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, a valve mechanism therein comprising a differential piston and a sleeve thereon having a lost motion connection with said piston.

26. In a device of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, a valve mechanism therein comprising a differential piston and a sleeve thereon having a lost motion connection with said piston and controlling at least one port in said casing.

27. In a device of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, and a valve said sleeve with said piston and controlling at least one mechanism therein comprising a differential a sleeve thereon formed of two spring means between the same, having a lost motlon connection piston and parts with port in said casing.

28. In a device of the class described,-a casing havlnga valve chamber, and a valve mechanism therein comprising adiflerential piston and a sleeve thereon formed of two parts with spring means between the same, said sleeve having a lost motion connectiog with said piston and controlling ports anc passages in said casing and a projection on the casing extending between the two parts of the sleeve to permit reciprocation and prevent rotation of the sleeve. 7 Y

29. In a device of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, a piston therein having two heads connected by a rod, the opposite ends of the heads being exposed to the air pressures in the opposite ends of said chamber, a two-part sleeveon said roe, resilient means between the two parts of the sleeve and a stationary projection extending between the two parts.

30. In a device of the class described, a casing having a valve chamber, a piston therein having two heads connected by a rod, the opposite ends of the heads being exposed to the air pressures in the opposite ends of said chamber, and a sleeve on said rod, said sleeve being of less length than said rod whereby a lost-motion connection is e,,-

tablishedbetween said sleeve and piston.

31. In a device of the class described, a casing having avalve chamber, a piston therein having two heads connected by a rod, the oppositeends of the heads being exposed to the air pressures in the opposite ends of said chamber, and a sleeve on said rod controlling at least one port in said casing, said sleeve being of less length than said rod whereby a lost-motion connectionis established between said sleeve and piston,

32. In a governorofthe class described, a casing having three valve chambers, a

throttle valve in one chamber, a main governor valve in another chamber, and an aux: iliary valve in the third chamber for controlling said main valve, and an air passage by-passing said throttle valve and opening into said third chamber.

In a governor of the class described, a

casing, having a valve chamber, and a piston sleeve valve therein through which the supply of air passes, moved in opposite directions by air pressure andhaving one pres sure area exposed to the pressure of air entering the governor and another pressure area exposed to the pressure of air passing out of the governor.

LEON MEUNIER. 

